The story
Read the synopsis or watch the trailer
30 Jan 2022 - 11 Jun 2024
Operagazet
Trouw
NRC
Theaterkrant
Arts Talk Magazine
Groene Amsterdammer
Arts Talk Magazine
The opera tells the true story of Jan van Leiden. In the 16th century, this actor, pub landlord and tailor became the leader of a movement proclaiming that the world would fall. A salvation state was established. This radicalised and became a dictatorship. We follow John from his initial enthusiasm, through his equally flamboyant and ruthless kingship to his final confession on death row. We thus experience from the inside how the timeless mechanisms of populism, polarisation and radicalisation do their work.
Read the synopsis or watch the trailer
First part
The enraged citizens of Münster call for the death of the leaders of the just-conquered Anabaptists, including ‘king’ Jan van Leiden. Catholic bishop Von Waldeck has their corpses hung in cages from the tower of St Lambert’s church.
Joiner Heinrich Gresbeck is brought before the bishop. He fled the besieged city and made a model showing how the city could be recaptured. The bishop is unsure what to do with Gresbeck, who stayed in the enemy camp almost to the end. Gresbeck begs to be allowed to write an account of all the events; it will prove his innocence.
We go back in time with Gresbeck. Outside the walls of Münster, we see a rebellious group surrounding merchant Bernhard Knipperdollinck. He is outraged: the bishop has banned the popular preacher Bernhard Rothmann from preaching in the city. Rothmann appears and says the tide will turn. Listeners in the group are two Hollanders, including Jan van Leiden.
The two Hollanders return to Leiden. There, Jan and his wife Marijtje are managers of a pub where bawdy entertainment is presented. We see how actors, dressed as hypocritical bishop and innocent girl, ridicule Catholic confession. The guest is Dieuwer Brouwersdochter. She talks about the ideas of her husband Jan Matthijsz, who feels appointed as a prophet and predicts that the end times will come. A city of heaven will arise on earth. Jan van Leiden realises that Rothmann in Münster needs to hear this. Münster is that heavenly city! Marijtje already sees the storm coming: her husband will once again go out to improve the world elsewhere instead of at home.
In Münster, Rothmann and Knipperdollinck’s protest group has been successful. They managed to chase the Catholic troops out of the city. The group from Leiden joined them. They celebrated the victory. Jan Matthijsz, the man who provided everything, is enthusiastically honoured. People share their possessions, shackled nuns are freed and an iconoclasm is imminent. The mood turns when Jan Matthijsz preaches that all are doomed. But Rothmann reminds Jan Matthijsz of his own words: whoever is rebaptised belongs to the elect. Fanatically, the people unite in the idea of a purifying baptism.
The Catholics lay siege to the city. Jan Matthijsz, convinced that he is the hand of God, makes a raid – alone. He is immediately shot dead.
With bread and games, the people are kept happy. The blind seer Dusentschuer is brought before the people. He had a vision in which God designated Jan van Leiden as king, with Dieuwer as queen. Jan says he also dreamt this. The coronation feast can begin, but is disturbed a bishop’s envoy who issues an ultimatum. Jan says God has already given him another date, however: the Lord will return to earth at Easter with his followers in Münster. The envoy is chased away. John fires the people to declare war on the pagan enemy. Women must be at the forefront of that battle. John introduces polygamy in order to bring about the army of 144,000 – the number of the elect spoken of in the Bible.
Second part
Months later. The siege is suffocating, food is running out. Neither the Messiah nor outside auxiliaries have shown up. John wonders if God is supporting his followers. He tells Rothmann that they will have to unleash the final battle themselves. A handcuffed woman, Elisabeth Wandscherer, is brought in. She refuses to be forcibly married. Knipperdollinck would like to punish her; Dieuwer pleads for compassion. King Jan combines both wishes: he takes her to wife himself, his seventeenth. Dieuwer points out to Jan how far away he has become from the original ideals they shared in Leiden. Jan points out to Dieuwer her hypocrisy: after all, she enjoys her privileged life as queen. After an argument, Dieuwer is left alone and considers her fate.
Gresbeck, in a letter to the bishop, describes the dire hunger in the city, and asks him to relieve the city.
King John does all he can to keep the people on his side. By force, but also by raising their spirits. He organises a parody mass. The Catholic mass, in which the ‘real’ flesh and blood of Christ is consumed, is ridiculed. In a pagan sacrificial ritual, all citizens bring the last edible goods in the city to the altar. Knipperdollinck steals the show with a real ‘Lamb of God’. When he unveils his copious scho- tel, however, the mood turns. Jan forces the Münsterans to keep celebrating. He realises that the apocalypse has indeed come, but that it is they themselves who are going down. Jan sinks into depression. Rothmann and Dieuwer plot to escape from the city together. Many civilians also flee the city in desperation, shelling from both the city and enemy forces. Gresbeck manages to reach the bishop’s troops alive. He tells them how to recapture the city.
The bishop moves into the conquered city. He interacts with the still depressed ‘king’ Jan. Jan has ruined him and the city, says the bishop. Jan sees it differently: the bishop is famous for his recapture. And Jan can make the bishop rich. All he has to do is exhibit the Anabaptist king in a cage and sell tickets for it. Jan is taken away. The bishop tells the people that whoever denounces an Anabaptist will himself be spared. The Münsterans start pointing at each other. But they realise: everyone was complicit.
In prison, Jan receives the bishop’s chaplain for a final confession. Jan says he deserves to be killed ten times over. However, the curate makes Jan think more deeply about his own words and actions.
In Cathedral Square, we hear the angry mob. The Anabaptist leaders are led off in chains, heading for their execution. The bishop has (cynically) adopted John’s suggestion: the corpses will be displayed in cages. Gresbeck is released and fobbed off with a tip. With his report, he managed to save his life.
Trailer
Trailer J.S. Bach - The Apocalypse by OPERA2DAY & Netherlands Bach Society
Learn more about Jan van Leiden in the podcast series Jan van Leiden en het einde der tijden. How does the cast view their roles? Watch the video introduction to the performance.
The Confession
Florian Sievers / Jan van Leiden
Jobst Schnibbe // Heinrich Gresbeck
James Hall / Bishop Franz von Waldeck
Cecilia Amancay Pastawski / Diewer Brouwersdochter
Video introduction
Video intro J.S. Bach - De Apocalyps
Read the review summary and audience reactions.
Review summary
Fortunately, we were able to complete the entire production, and it was appreciated:
“The sense of togetherness and engagement with the production is evident at every level. You can hear and see that everyone worked extremely hard and with integrity to get this ‘ill-fated’ project off the ground.” (Operagazet)
Ill-fated? Perhaps a little, considering an opera by Bach—could it even work? Yes, writes Theaterkrant: “The surprising thing is that Bach was also an opera composer.” Operagazet is “very convinced of Bach’s dramatic power” through our opera and notes that early music benefits from staging: “The stage dynamics add dimension; vocal timbre and expression become warmer and more human. There is joy, humor, and energy.”
De Groene Amsterdammer calls the production “highly sophisticated” and “impressive,” while Trouw adds: “Respect for the courage” and “Here’s to a beautiful and extensive tour, even if it’s only in two years’ time.” Operagazet describes it as “a lively spectacle in which all elements reinforced each other.”
“The bizarre 16th-century story of Jan van Leiden was a perfect choice for the opera Bach never wrote,” according to Concertzender. De Groene Amsterdammer characterizes the protagonist aptly as “a recognizable man who begins as a passionate idealist and ends as a bloody dictator.” NRC praised “the carefully crafted scenario by director Serge van Veggel.” Operagazet wrote: “Kudos to librettist Thomas Höft, who, with sensitivity to Bach’s writing style, language, meter, rhythm, timing, and drama, delivered a beautiful piece.”
De Volkskrant found “the radicalization process through which Van Leiden became a theocratic despot all too recognizable,” and Arts Talk Magazine summed up the fall of the Anabaptist kingdom: “Van Leiden’s New Jerusalem soon became Dante’s Inferno.”
Place de l’Opera wrote that “artistic director of OPERA2DAY Serge van Veggel and his team have once again succeeded in creating an extraordinary theater work. A captivating production fully in line with OPERA2DAY’s tradition: always surprising, always seeking something new.” Theaterkrant notes: “Director Van Veggel skillfully alternates large-scale scenes with intimate moments,” while De Volkskrant highlights “visually striking scenes, such as a coronation in milk-white robes and a chilling banquet with rats on the menu.” Arts Talk Magazine adds: “Serge van Veggel paints with very broad strokes and has created a stunning piece of opera.”
The stage design and sets were well received. Theaterkrant wrote: “The revolving stage, which forms the heart of Herbert Janse’s scenography, seamlessly merges the scenes and time periods.” On this turntable, “an orgy of madness, violence, and obscenity unfolds,” according to NRC. Arts Talk Magazine praised: “Visually impressive […] The excellent lighting by Uri Rapaport and costumes by Mirjam Pater added to a near flawless production.”
Fantastic accompaniment by the Netherlands Bach Society under the direction of Hernán Schvartzman(Volkskrant)
Much was written about the music, both by Bach and by Panos Iliopoulos, who unified the opera. “How delightful it must have been to choose from Bach’s vocal music delicacies. From this selection, an impressive bouquet was carefully picked and arranged.” (Concertzender) “Iliopoulos also composed several entirely original musical passages,” which the reviewer describes as modern “but always rooted in Bach’s music. This produces beautiful musical lines, where Baroque sounds from instruments like viola da gamba and traverso harmonize seamlessly with contemporary music.”(Theaterkrant)
“The choir and orchestra of the Bach Society sing and play beautifully,” wrote Trouw, and De Volkskrant praised “the fantastic accompaniment by the Netherlands Bach Society under Hernán Schvartzman.” Operagazet noted: “The orchestra, under Hernán Schvartzman, embraced the cast with warm, rounded tones.” NRC celebrated our shared Bach adventure in honor of the Bach Society’s 100th anniversary: “For OPERA2DAY, turning opera inside out is second nature; it speaks well of the Netherlands Bach Society […] that they dared to take on this project.”
The cast’s camaraderie was palpable, and the singing and acting were performed with joy (Operagazet).
Praise for the soloists
Theaterkrant wrote: “Tenor Florian Sievers portrays a powerful, provocative, and intense Jan van Leiden—unyielding, initially charming, later merciless.” NRC: “Florian Sievers convincingly conveys the radicalization of a petty thief.”Operagazet: “At the end, there is room for Jan’s human, vulnerable side, when he confesses his sins to the chaplain (baritone Wiebe-Pier Cnossen). A beautiful, musical moment.” This “desperate confession” was called “moving” by De Groene Amsterdammer.
Bass-baritone Wolf Matthias Friedrich (Bernhard Knipperdollinck) was described by Concertzender as “highly convincing,” NRC as “a beautiful role,” and Place de l’Opera as “he excels.” Operagazet added: “His voice carried excellently, and his acting blazed in the role of a bloodthirsty intriguer.”
“The pleasant baritone and somewhat detached presentation of Mattijs van der Woerd were suitable for the role of Bernhard Rothmann, the intellectual mastermind behind the sect,” said Operagazet, and Concertzender called him “very convincing.”
Operagazet wrote: “Mezzo-soprano Cecilia Amancay Pastawski, Queen Divara, has a beautiful, warm voice, very musical, especially in her pleas to God.” And: “Countertenor Kaspar Kröner was vocally strong and convincing as the blind seer Dusentschuer.” “Soprano Viola Blache shone in the high tessitura as Marijtje and Elisabeth.” Actor Jobst Schnibbe, in the role of Heinrich Gresbeck, is “a passionate storyteller, guiding us as eyewitnesses through the story.” De Groene Amsterdammer found “the magnificent choruses moving.” Concertzender wrote: “The star was the choir of the Netherlands Bach Society, singing brilliantly and solidly.” Place de l’Opera noted: “It is above all the choir that gives this new theater work its cachet,” and De Volkskrant observed: “Almost all the choral passages are highlights.” NRC: “They prove themselves a true opera choir with inspired acting,” while Operagazet reported: “The very first entrance of the choir even brought tears to our eyes.”
We’ll end with the words of Arts Talk Magazine:
“The authors of J.S. Bach – The Apocalypse should be congratulated for having created an opera which, if there is any justice, will be performed in opera houses around the world for years to come.”
Reactions from the public
The comments from our audience were also incredibly rewarding to read and touched on every aspect of the production:
“Kudos to Opera2Day for bringing this to the stage under the current circumstances and all the limitations. Original, unique, and with an impressive message—big applause!”
The “outstanding performance by the choir, orchestra, and soloists” received widespread acclaim from our audience, but the set design and “brilliant costume choices” were also highly praised.
The overall concept was well received as well:
“I had seen a previous work by them that was good, but I never expected that with this approach (reconstructing Bach + historical subject + modern relevance) they would succeed so brilliantly.”
The icing on the cake is when we surprise people who don’t usually attend opera. We firmly believe that opera can provide audiences with a meaningful experience, but the only ones who can truly confirm that are the audience members themselves. We were therefore especially thrilled with the following response:
“I was deeply and intensely moved by this production, in a genre that is not usually accessible to me (opera). I simply cannot recall ever being so profoundly affected by the libretto, the music, the performance, and the staging. Truly excellent and of international quality.”
“I was on the edge of my seat.”
Team
Cast & Crew
Johann Sebastian Bach, Panos Iliopoulos
Thomas Höft
Serge van Veggel